Feng Wei Photography / Getty Images History & Culture. Nepal was also in contact with China. India exerted its considerable influence and negotiated a solution to Nepal's turmoil, and King Tribhuvan returned in glory to Nepal in 1951 to set up a new government composed of demoted Ranas and members of the Nepali Congress party. Several Maoist truces, notably in 2003 and 2005, offered some respite, though these reflected as much a need to regroup and rearm as they did any move towards a lasting peace. The 1816 Sugauli treaty called a halt to Nepal's expansion and laid down its modern boundaries. Diese lehnte das Angebot des Königs als zu wenig weitgehend ab: Sie forderte weiterhin die Wiedereinsetzung des 2002 aufgelösten Parlaments, die Einberufung einer verfassunggebenden Versammlung und die Einschränkung der absolutistischen Herrschaft des Königs und rief zu weiteren Massendemonstrationen auf. Nur wenige Medien wie zum Beispiel die Zeitschrift Himal berichteten kritisch und informativ über beide Seiten. He went to lead a religious and life of self-denial. But while the Ranas and their relations lived lives of opulent luxury, the peasants in the hills were locked in a medieval existence. Die Geschichte Nepals umfasst die Entwicklungen auf dem Gebiet der Bundesrepublik Nepal von der Urgeschichte bis zur Gegenwart. Auch später im Anglo-Afghanischen Krieg von 1919 und im Zweiten Weltkrieg stellte das Land Truppen und machte damit seinen eigenen Status als „unabhängiger Verbündeter“ klar. Kirgisistan | Though much was not known about Kirats,the Lichchavi dynasty followed the Kirats which lasted from the 2nd to 9th century AD. The early history of Nepal is quite vague, though pieces of it can be picked up here and there from various historical treasures. He consolidated his power to the north and south by marrying his sister to an Indian prince and his daughter Bhrikuti to the great Tibetan king Songsten Gompo. Douglas lists the following figures: "Nepalis killed by Maoists from 1996 to 2005: 4,500. Malaysia | Hi there, The meaning of NEPAL is: N: NEVER. The Malla era shaped the religious as well as artistic landscape, introducing the dramatic chariot festivals of Indra Jatra and Machhendranath. In der Frühzeit war das Tal, in dem die heutige Hauptstadt Kathmandu liegt, ein großer Gebirgssee. Schätzungsweise zwei Drittel der Toten gingen auf das Konto von Armee und Polizei. Due to the "arrival of disparate settler" groups from outside through the ages, it is now a multiethnic, multiracial, multicultural, multi religious, and multilingual country. The Indian Mughal court influenced Malla dress and painting, presented the Nepalis with firearms and introduced the system of land grants for military service, a system which would have a profound effect in later years. Over 1000 Nepalis remain unaccounted for, victims of political ‘disappearance’ or simple murder and finding justice for these crimes may prove elusive. Nepal was known to the Ancient Indians. Ende 2002 beherrschten sie 55 der 75 Distrikte Nepals. The Maoists achieved a majority in the elections of 10 April 2008 and a month later parliament abolished the monarchy by a margin of 560 votes to four, ending 240 years of royal rule. Against such a background, modern politics in Nepal has become more about personal enrichment than public service. Nepal’s prime ministers - Girija Prasad Koirala (1994), Manmohan Adhikari (1995), and K P Sharma Oli (2020-) have taken steps to dissolve the house despite their parties’ being in majority, write Jivesh Jha & Alok Kumar Yadav for South Asia Monitor The religion that grew up around him continues to shape the face of Asia. Bis zur Gründung von Provinzen durch die Verfassung von 2015 bestand die Verwaltungsgliederung Nepals aus fünf Entwicklungsregionen. Albumen Photograph of Khas Women from Nepal - 1880's.jpg 590 × 460; 74 KB. Nepalese men in coats 1930s.jpg 750 × 900; 542 KB. Jemen | Nepal's recorded history kicks off with the Hindu Kiratis. A SHORT HISTORY OF NEPAL. During the 9th century a new lunar calendar was introduced, one that is still used by Newars to this day. As their migration to Nepal was related to Lord Krishna of Mahabharat times. The history of Kathmandu is really a history of the Newar people, the main inhabitants of the Kathmandu Valley. The beginning of the 21st century saw the political situation in the country turn from bad to worse. King Prithvi Narayan Shah of Gorkha in 1786 had invaded the Kathmandu Valley and unified Nepal. The expansion then turned westwards into Kumaon and Garhwal, only halted on the borders of the Punjab by the armies of the powerful one-eyed ruler Ranjit Singh. Numerous tea plantations around the hill station of Darjeeling were promoted by the British. Indien | He later extended his title to maharajah (king) and decreed it hereditary. Until there is real social change and economic development in the countryside, the frustrations fuelling Nepal's current insurgency look set only to continue. Malediven | Nepal | August 2004 hatten die Maoisten mehrfach sogar die Hauptstadt für einige Tage völlig von der Außenwelt abgeschnitten oder wichtige Überlandverbindungen unterbrochen. regiert haben sollen. Nepal had been ruled throughout its history by the kings of different dynasties until the monarchy was abolished in 2063 BS. Nach einem Generalstreik im April 2006 wurde das Parlament wieder eingesetzt und eine Sieben-Parteien-Regierung gebildet. Die politischen Unruhen wurden in den folgenden Jahren durch Überschwemmungen und Hungersnöte noch verstärkt, so dass König Tribhuvan 1952 den Notstand ausrief und diktatorische Alleinmacht erlangte. Deren Sold und spätere Pensionen waren eine wichtige Einnahmequelle des Landes.[3]. 30.000 v. Chr. This is in contrast with past growth that averaged 4.1 percent a year between FY2007 and FY2016. Nepal, long under the rule of hereditary prime ministers favouring a policy of isolation, remained closed to the outside world until a palace revolt in 1950 restored the crown’s authority in 1951; the country gained admission to the United Nations in 1955. Syrien | the Kirantis are said to have ruled the valley. Jung Bahadur took the title of Prime Minister and changed his family name to the more prestigious Rana. Türkische Republik Nordzypern, Geschichte der Staaten von: November 2006 wurde die Vereinbarung zum Ende des zehnjährigen Bürgerkrieges durch Premierminister Koirala und Maoistenführer Prachanda unterzeichnet. The first of the Malla kings came to power in the Kathmandu Valley around 1200. Der neue Premierminister Bishweshwar Prasad Koirala nahm sich ehrgeizige Reformen zur Bekämpfung der Rückständigkeit Nepals vor, auch wenn nun ein größerer Teil der Staatsmacht dem König vorbehalten war. Tribhuvan died in 1955 and was succeeded by his cautious son Mahendra. The people's victory did not come cheaply; it is estimated that more than 300 people lost their lives. [2] Eine offizielle Kriegserklärung erfolgte jedoch nicht. The settlements were believed to have established in Kirtipur, Thankot, Balambu, Tistung and … Nepal has never become a colony of any empire. During this time over one million hill people moved to the Terai in search of land and several million crossed the border to seek work in India (Nepalis are able to cross the border and work freely in India), creating a major population shift in favour of the now malaria-free Terai. History of Nepal mentioned an event of past on holy book, Puran, and chronicle about the origin of its Himalaya and Valley.An old tooth of Ramapithecus was discovered in 1932 by G. Edward Lewis. From 1765 the Gorkha king started joining all the lands and states and ethnicities of Nepal, and it’s varied land, split into mountains, and of Hindu and Buddhist majority areas, into modern Nepal. Higher remittance inflows and a surge in tourist arrivals translated into higher growth in retail trade, real estate, tra… Their strategic position allowed them to prosper from trade between India and China. The real power remained with the king, who chose 16 members of the 35-member National Panchayat, and appointed the prime minister and his cabinet. The repercussions of this nonchalance finally came to a head in November 2001 when the Maoists broke their ceasefire and an army barracks was attacked west of Kathmandu. The mid-17th century also saw a highpoint of building in Patan. The history of Nepal has been influenced by its position in the Himalaya and its two neighbours, modern day India and Tibet. Die Expansionspolitik Narayans kollidierte mit den Interessen der Britischen Ostindien-Kompanie. There is four periods, mythological period (Gopal, Mahispal, and Kirat dynasty), ancient period (Lichchhavi dynasty), medieval period (Thakuri and Malla dynasty), and modern period (Shah and Rana dynasty). Pakistan | Ein Teil der Überlieferungen zur älteren Landesgeschichte Nepals ist sehr oft mit Mythen und Legenden verbunden. Südossetien | The Kirantis are said to have ruled the valley for many centuries following their victory. Prime ministers were sacked and replaced in 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 and 2005, making a total of nine governments in 10 years. The rest of what we today call Nepal consisted of a fragmented patchwork of almost 50 independent states, from Palpa to Jumla, and the semi-independent states of Banepa and Pharping, most of them minting their own coins and maintaining standing armies. Weiterhin verlor er seine Immunität vor Strafverfolgung und musste fortan Steuern zahlen. Although Nepal emerged in history in the first millennium BC, it was only in the 18th century that Nepal developed as a country of the present size. Dezember 2007 votierte das Übergangsparlament mit mehr als zwei Dritteln der Abgeordnetenstimmen für einen Zusatz zur Übergangsverfassung, der de facto die Abschaffung der Monarchie bedeutete. 30.000 v. Chr. © History of Nepal. About 200 AD a people called the Lichavis took power in Nepal. Records mention the Gopalas and Mahishapalas believed to have been the earliest rulers with their capital at Matatirtha, the south-west corner of the Kathmandu Valley. Early Nepal. In the 3rd century BC the great Indian Emperor introduced Buddhism into Nepal. Allerdings lässt sich zu der jetzigen Bevölkerung und den frühzeitlichen Siedlern keine verifizierbare Kontinuität nachweisen. The tourism industry is one of the rapidly growing industries in the world, and the same is the case with Nepal. The future of the country lies in the hands of the brave new generations who dare to venture beyond the mountains and the swamplands. Aserbaidschan | Nepal lost Sikkim, Kumaon, Garhwal and much of the Terai, though some of this land was restored to Nepal in 1858 in return for support given to the British during the Indian Mutiny (Indian War of Independence). Geschichte Asiens Ambitious and ruthless, Jung Bahadur organised (with the queen's consent) for his soldiers to massacre several hundred of the most important men in the kingdom - noblemen, soldiers and courtiers - while they were assembled in the Kot courtyard adjoining Kathmandu's Durbar Square. Weiters beschloss Nepal am selben Tag ein säkularer Staat zu werden, was bedeutet: Der Hinduismus ist nicht mehr Staatsreligion. ): Diese Seite wurde zuletzt am 31. Afrika | From the 7th or 8th Century B.C. 50. You can see the good infrastructure, education, tourism of the country. Their famous King Yalumber is even mentioned in the epic, ‘Mahabharat’. The building boom was financed by trade, in everything from musk and wool to salt, Chinese silk and even yak tails. The majority of Nepalis have continued stoically with their rural lives but until the government delivers on real social change and economic development in the countryside, the frustrations that fuelled Nepal’s recent political violence will remain unresolved. Since then international tourists flow to explore Nepal’s rich cultures, picturesque Himalayan landscape. ‘Nepal’ wasn’t a single country before King Prithvi Narayan Shah of Gorkha unified the country in1786. Enjoying Nepal tours, you perhaps, want to get an insight into the history of Nepal.However, it merely impossible as there will be lots of things you have to know like the story behind the attractions you visit. According to the legend, 2700 years ago the kathmandu valley was covered with full of water and was big lake where the great and powerful serpent lived (Chepus). The first civilizations in Nepal, which flourished around the 6th century B.C., were confined to the fertile Kathmandu Valley where the present-day capital of the same name is located. The history of Nepal begins from the center point of the country Kathmandu valley which is now the capital of the country. History Of Nepal. Hongkong | After the arrival of popular democracy in 1950, Nepal began to build up the unique parts of social, financial, and political life. The author is able to provide a brief analysis of most events and aspects of the history without taking sides, even when discussing the foreign actors and influences. Due to the arrival of disparate settler groups from outside through the ages, it is now a multiethnic, multicultural, multi religious, and multilingual country. One of the most important of these was the Nepali-speaking Khasa empire (Western Mallas), based in the far west in the Karnali basin around Sinja and Jumla. Am 21. In either event, his Mauryan empire (321-184 BC) played a major role in popularising Buddhism in the region, a role continued by the north Indian Buddhist Kushan empire (1st to 3rd centuries AD). On 1 June 2001 the Nepali psyche was dealt a huge blow when Crown Prince Dipendra gunned down almost every member of the royal family during a get-together in Kathmandu. He then exiled 6000 members of their familles to prevent revenge attacks. In the 6th century BC, Prince Siddhartha Gautama was born into the Sakya royal family of Kapilavastu, near Lumbini, later embarking on a path of meditation and thought that led him to enlightenment as the Buddha. The next month the newly restored parliament reduced the king to a figurehead, ending powers the royal Shah lineage had enjoyed for over 200 years. Bahrain | Nepalis to this day are proud that their country was never colonised by the British, unlike the neighbouring hill states of India. The history is based and influenced from neighboring countries India and China. The app cover whole history of Nepal from Kirata Kingdom to Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal. Die Territorialstreitigkeiten führten 1814 zum anglo-nepalesischen Gurkha-Krieg, der 1816 mit dem Vertrag von Sugauli endete, dem zufolge Nepal Sikkim und den Terai abtrat, einen ständigen britischen Residenten in Kathmandu zuließ und den Briten das Recht einräumte, nepalesische Soldaten anzuwerben. Kanak Mani Dixit, Shastri Ramachandaran (Hrsg. Nachdem Nepal lange Zeit unter indischer Rajputenherrschaft gestanden hatte, gelang es im 14. Der neue Premierminister Lokendra Bahadur Chand (RPP) versprach, die Konfrontation mit den Maoisten zu beenden. Arriving from the east around the 7th or 8th century BC, these Mongoloid people are the first known rulers of the Kathmandu Valley. The history of Nepal after 1850 is completely overshadowed by court intrigues , bloody incidents , parvas etc . Auf Druck auch monarchistischer Kreise sowie internationalen Drucks – unter anderem fürchteten die USA eine Stärkung der Maoisten, die inzwischen nahezu 80 % Nepals kontrollierten – sah sich König Gyanendra schließlich am 24. There has still been plenty of potential for political instability. Japan | It can be helpful to everyone if we could know the time period when this article was written. Zypern, Abhängige Gebiete: Sri Lanka | The first Malla rulers had to cope with several disasters. Ab 18. It's not really a history of Nepal though, more a history … Nepal's history dates back to the time of the Gopalas and Mahishapalas who are believed to have been the earliest rulers of the valley with their capital at Matatirtha, the south-west corner of Kathmandu Valley. The mid-13th century saw the de facto rule of Queen Devaladevi, the most powerful woman in Nepal's history. It has a Vedic past to boast about and a bright feature to look to. National Geographic Magazine, p. 54, November 2005. Am 21. Armenien | A renewed optimism in the political process was palpable throughout Nepal. By 2005 nearly 13, 000 people, including many civilians, had been killed in the insurgency, more than half of them since the army joined the struggle in 2001. Die Opposition erklärte daraufhin den Generalstreik für beendet. At one point the kingdom was governed by a twelve-year-old female regent, in charge of a nine-year-old king! Nepal - Nepal - Federal republic: The ongoing humanitarian crisis in the country in 2015 helped spur negotiations on the new constitution. Political violence has continued to simmer in the Terai. Innerhalb der nächsten sechs Monate starben mehr Menschen in dem innenpolitischen Konflikt als in den sechs Jahren zuvor. One of the most seismically active regions in the world with a long history of earthquakes, Nepal suffered a devastating earthquake in 2015. The ancient history of Nepal is obscured in various myths and legends. Jordanien | Their famous King Yalumber is even mentioned in the epic, ‘Mahabharat’. The removal of the king was the price required to bring the Maoists to the negotiating table and a peace accord was signed later that year, drawing a close to the bloody decade-long insurgency. The most spoken language of Nepal is Nepali followed by several other ethnic languages such as Newari, Maithili, Bhojpuri, Tamang etc.